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" CRIME AND THE PUNISHMENT OF CRIMETHE ROLE CRIME AND THE PUNISHMENT OF CRIME‑THE ROLE OF THE LEGAL PROFESSION   A PAPER READ BY   PROFESSOR K. O. SHATWELL, M.A., B.C.L. (,Oxford) Dean, Faculty of Law, University of Sydney   AT THE   THIRD COMMONWEALTH AND EMPIRE LAW CONFERENCE, SYDNEY‑AUSTRALIA ON 27TH AUGUST 1965     One of the distinguishing marks of a learned profession consists in the fact that its members actively_ interest themselves in social problems falling within the ambit of professional activity to an extent which goes beyond the mechanical discharge of their routine functions, and an important contemporary illustration of this is found in the increased attention now being given to the complex problems of crime and punishment in all sections of the legal profession. In their leisure hours, lawyers and doctors combine to form medico‑legal societies, and members of the judiciary concern themselves with the after‑care of criminals. As might be expected, this wider interest in the problems of the criminal law is reflected in the university law schools by the inclusion ‑ of criminology in the curriculum and by the establishment of institutes of criminology either within, or in close association with, the faculties of law. Within recent years there has been set up within the Sydney Law School an Institute of Criminology which broadly follows the pattern established by Professor Radzinowicz at Cambridge. On its permanent staff are people with training in law, philosophy, psychiatry and statistics, including one with extensive experience in the English prison service. From the beginning it has been assisted by an advisory body, which is under the chairmanship of the Honourable the Chief Justice of…