Whatsapp

" CHANGING GLOBAL ORDER: ROLE OF COURTS   CHANGING GLOBAL ORDER: ROLE OF COURTS AND TRIBUANLS IN PAKISTAN IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION*   By   Dr. Parvez Hassan**   A. EMERGING GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ORDER   The global community has evolved over the last four (4) decades to a new order of environmental protection and sustainable development. There have been many participants and actors in this process including environmental activists, citizens groups, lawyers, law professors, academic institutions, non-governmental organizations, national and international, the judiciary and governments. But the goal-posts for this changing global order were successively, and helpfully, declared at the United Nations Conference on Human Environment, Stockholm (1972), World Charter of Nature (1982), the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro (1992)1, and the World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg (2002)2. The compass provided by these defining events enabled the proliferation of Multilateral Environmental Agreements ("MEAs") and the setting up of international Secretariats to service the needs of the changing global order.   In my attendance of many of these milestone events starting with Rio 19923, I developed a layman's guide to the respective positions and concerns of the developed and developing countries in the evolving global environmental agenda. To the developing countries, the important areas were (1) sovereignty over natural wealth and resources, (2) right to development, (3) eradication of poverty, (4) consumption patterns of the North, (5) capacity building, (6) waste trade, (7) reschedule/write off debts, (8) transfer of resources, (9) transfer of technology, and (10) harmful activities…