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" P L D 1991 Journal 48 P L D 1991 Journal 48   [Election Commission of Pakistan]   Before Justice Naimuddin, Chief Election Commissioner, Justices Muhammad Rafiq Tarar and Abdul Razzak A. Thahim, Members   Maulana MUHAMMAD ABDUL SATTAR KHAN NIAZI‑‑Petitioner   versus   Dr. SHER AFGHAN KHAN NIAZI‑‑Respondent   Reference under section 8‑B(2) of the Political Parties Act, 1962, decided on 3rd October, 1989.   Political Parties Act (III of 1962)‑‑   ‑‑‑‑S. 8(2) [as amended by Political Parties (Amendment) Act (XXII of 1985)}‑‑ Defection from a political party‑‑‑Effect‑‑‑Secretary‑General of a Political Party making reference to Election Commission that respondent having been elected from the platform of his party had crossed over to Treasury Benches and having been appointed a Minister of State without party's permission had disqualified himself from being a Member of National Assembly for the unexpired term‑‑ Objections raised to such reference were that petitioner making reference was not a leader of Parliamentary Party in the National Assembly or Secretary -General of Political Party and as such had no right to make reference‑‑ Respondent also denied the fact of defection‑‑‑Questions for consideration before Election Commission were whether alliance of two political parties for contest of election could be deemed a political party and whether parties joining such alliance had preserved their separate identities; whether alliance thus formed under a separate name became a political party in itself, and what was its manifesto and programme and who were its…