"\u003chtml xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\nxmlns:w=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word\"\r\nxmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003chead\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta http-equiv=Content-Type content=\"text/html; charset=windows-1252\"\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=ProgId content=Word.Document\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=Generator content=\"Microsoft Word 11\"\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=Originator content=\"Microsoft Word 11\"\u003e\r\n\u003clink rel=File-List href=\"2011J49_files/filelist.xml\"\u003e\r\n\u003ctitle\u003e305\u003c/title\u003e\r\n\u003c!--[if gte mso 9]\u003e\u003cxml\u003e\r\n \u003co:DocumentProperties\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Author\u003efarhan\u003c/o:Author\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Template\u003eNormal\u003c/o:Template\u003e\r\n  \u003co:LastAuthor\u003eAdil Hafeez\u003c/o:LastAuthor\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Revision\u003e2\u003c/o:Revision\u003e\r\n  \u003co:TotalTime\u003e0\u003c/o:TotalTime\u003e\r\n  \u003co:LastPrinted\u003e2003-07-20T21:06:00Z\u003c/o:LastPrinted\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Created\u003e2012-08-18T04:53:00Z\u003c/o:Created\u003e\r\n  \u003co:LastSaved\u003e2012-08-18T04:53:00Z\u003c/o:LastSaved\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Pages\u003e2\u003c/o:Pages\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Words\u003e1739\u003c/o:Words\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Characters\u003e9914\u003c/o:Characters\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Company\u003eOratier\u003c/o:Company\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Lines\u003e82\u003c/o:Lines\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Paragraphs\u003e23\u003c/o:Paragraphs\u003e\r\n  \u003co:CharactersWithSpaces\u003e11630\u003c/o:CharactersWithSpaces\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Version\u003e11.5606\u003c/o:Version\u003e\r\n \u003c/o:DocumentProperties\u003e\r\n\u003c/xml\u003e\u003c![endif]--\u003e\u003c!--[if gte mso 9]\u003e\u003cxml\u003e\r\n \u003cw:WordDocument\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:DoNotHyphenateCaps/\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:DrawingGridHorizontalSpacing\u003e9.35 pt\u003c/w:DrawingGridHorizontalSpacing\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery\u003e2\u003c/w:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:ValidateAgainstSchemas\u003efalse\u003c/w:ValidateAgainstSchemas\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:SaveIfXMLInvalid\u003efalse\u003c/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:IgnoreMixedContent\u003efalse\u003c/w:IgnoreMixedContent\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText\u003efalse\u003c/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:DoNotUnderlineInvalidXML/\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:Compatibility\u003e\r\n   \u003cw:SelectEntireFieldWithStartOrEnd/\u003e\r\n   \u003cw:UseWord2002TableStyleRules/\u003e\r\n  \u003c/w:Compatibility\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:BrowserLevel\u003eMicrosoftInternetExplorer4\u003c/w:BrowserLevel\u003e\r\n \u003c/w:WordDocument\u003e\r\n\u003c/xml\u003e\u003c![endif]--\u003e\u003c!--[if gte mso 9]\u003e\u003cxml\u003e\r\n \u003cw:LatentStyles DefLockedState=\"false\" LatentStyleCount=\"156\"\u003e\r\n \u003c/w:LatentStyles\u003e\r\n\u003c/xml\u003e\u003c![endif]--\u003e\r\n\u003cstyle\u003e\r\n\u003c!--\r\n /* Font Definitions */\r\n @font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"Tms Rmn\";\r\n\tpanose-1:2 2 6 3 4 5 5 2 3 4;\r\n\tmso-font-charset:0;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tpanose-1:2 2 6 9 4 2 5 8 3 4;\r\n\tmso-font-alt:\" l r     \";\r\n\tmso-font-charset:128;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:fixed;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:1 134676480 16 0 131072 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:Tahoma;\r\n\tpanose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;\r\n\tmso-font-charset:0;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:swiss;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:1627421319 -2147483648 8 0 66047 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";\r\n\tpanose-1:2 5 6 4 5 5 5 2 2 4;\r\n\tmso-font-charset:0;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:647 0 0 0 159 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tpanose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;\r\n\tmso-font-alt:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-font-charset:0;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:BookmanSSK;\r\n\tpanose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;\r\n\tmso-font-alt:\"Courier New\";\r\n\tmso-font-charset:0;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"\\@MS Mincho\";\r\n\tpanose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;\r\n\tmso-font-charset:128;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:fixed;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:1 134676480 16 0 131072 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"Monotype Sorts\";\r\n\tpanose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;\r\n\tmso-font-alt:Symbol;\r\n\tmso-font-charset:2;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:0 0 0 0 0 0;}\r\n /* Style Definitions */\r\n p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal\r\n\t{mso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nh1\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:1;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-font-kerning:0pt;\r\n\tfont-weight:normal;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\nh2\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:2;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tfont-weight:normal;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\nh3\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:3;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;\r\n\tfont-style:italic;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\nh4\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:4;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in 1.0in 88.3pt 1.5in 1.75in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Tms Rmn\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Tms Rmn\";\r\n\tcolor:black;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\nh5\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:5;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tfont-weight:normal;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\nh6\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:6;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\np.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:7;\r\n\tfont-size:14.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:8;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:1.45pt;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:right;\r\n\ttext-indent:.5in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:9;\r\n\tmso-layout-grid-align:none;\r\n\tpunctuation-wrap:simple;\r\n\ttext-autospace:none;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Arial;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-ansi-language:EN-GB;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader\r\n\t{margin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in center 3.0in right 6.0in;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";}\r\np.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:center 3.0in right 6.0in;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.MsoFootnoteReference\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tvertical-align:super;}\r\nspan.MsoEndnoteReference\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tvertical-align:super;}\r\np.MsoEndnoteText, li.MsoEndnoteText, div.MsoEndnoteText\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoTitle, li.MsoTitle, div.MsoTitle\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:20.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Arial;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBodyTextIndent, li.MsoBodyTextIndent, div.MsoBodyTextIndent\r\n\t{margin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:.5in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tline-height:13.9pt;\r\n\tmso-line-height-rule:exactly;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tmso-layout-grid-align:none;\r\n\ttext-autospace:none;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBodyText2, li.MsoBodyText2, div.MsoBodyText2\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\np.MsoBodyText3, li.MsoBodyText3, div.MsoBodyText3\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:14.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:-.15pt;}\r\np.MsoBlockText, li.MsoBlockText, div.MsoBlockText\r\n\t{margin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:63.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:1.0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\na:link, span.MsoHyperlink\r\n\t{color:blue;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\na:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed\r\n\t{color:purple;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\np.MsoPlainText, li.MsoPlainText, div.MsoPlainText\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Courier New\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np\r\n\t{mso-margin-top-alt:auto;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:8.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Tahoma;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.style5, li.style5, div.style5\r\n\t{mso-style-name:style5;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"Plain Text\";\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";}\r\np.AltC, li.AltC, div.AltC\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+C;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:style5;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.AltA, li.AltA, div.AltA\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+A;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:Alt+C;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.AltB, li.AltB, div.AltB\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+B;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:.5in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\ttext-indent:-.3in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.AltDCenter, li.AltDCenter, div.AltDCenter\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Alt+D Center\";\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"Heading 2\";\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:2;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.AltK, li.AltK, div.AltK\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+K;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:style5;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\ttext-indent:.2in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.AltR, li.AltR, div.AltR\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+R;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:Alt+C;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in right 4.4in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.Alt-1, li.Alt-1, div.Alt-1\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt-1;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"Alt+D Center\";\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:2;\r\n\tfont-size:8.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Arial;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\ttext-transform:uppercase;\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.Alt-O, li.Alt-O, div.Alt-O\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt-O;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"Alt+D Center\";\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:2;\r\n\tfont-size:8.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Arial;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\ttext-transform:uppercase;\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.HeaderFooter, li.HeaderFooter, div.HeaderFooter\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Header \u0026 Footer\";\r\n\tmso-style-parent:Alt+C;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in center 2.2in right 315.35pt;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.style2, li.style2, div.style2\r\n\t{mso-style-name:style2;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\ttext-indent:.2in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";}\r\np.style3, li.style3, div.style3\r\n\t{mso-style-name:style3;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:.5in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\ttext-indent:-.3in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";}\r\np.AltQ, li.AltQ, div.AltQ\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+Q;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:BookmanSSK;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:BookmanSSK;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;\r\n\tfont-style:italic;}\r\np.PageXofY, li.PageXofY, div.PageXofY\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Page X of Y\";\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.grame\r\n\t{mso-style-name:grame;}\r\nspan.spelle\r\n\t{mso-style-name:spelle;}\r\np.byline, li.byline, div.byline\r\n\t{mso-style-name:byline;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Arial;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.Lastprinted, li.Lastprinted, div.Lastprinted\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Last printed\";\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.hit1\r\n\t{mso-style-name:hit1;\r\n\tcolor:windowtext;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\nspan.bold1\r\n\t{mso-style-name:bold1;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.loose, li.loose, div.loose\r\n\t{mso-style-name:loose;\r\n\tmargin-top:10.5pt;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.underline1\r\n\t{mso-style-name:underline1;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\n /* Page Definitions */\r\n @page\r\n\t{mso-footnote-separator:url(\"2011J49_files/header.htm\") fs;\r\n\tmso-footnote-continuation-separator:url(\"2011J49_files/header.htm\") fcs;\r\n\tmso-endnote-separator:url(\"2011J49_files/header.htm\") es;\r\n\tmso-endnote-continuation-separator:url(\"2011J49_files/header.htm\") ecs;\r\n\tmso-facing-pages:yes;\r\n\tmso-endnote-numbering-style:arabic;}\r\n@page Section1\r\n\t{size:8.5in 11.0in;\r\n\tmargin:1.5in 189.35pt 1.9in 1.5in;\r\n\tmso-header-margin:1.1in;\r\n\tmso-footer-margin:123.85pt;\r\n\tmso-paper-source:0;}\r\ndiv.Section1\r\n\t{page:Section1;\r\n\tmso-endnote-numbering-style:arabic;}\r\n /* List Definitions */\r\n ol\r\n\t{margin-bottom:0in;}\r\nul\r\n\t{margin-bottom:0in;}\r\n--\u003e\r\n\u003c/style\u003e\r\n\u003c!--[if gte mso 10]\u003e\r\n\u003cstyle\u003e\r\n /* Style Definitions */\r\n table.MsoNormalTable\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\";\r\n\tmso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;\r\n\tmso-tstyle-colband-size:0;\r\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\r\n\tmso-para-margin:0in;\r\n\tmso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-ansi-language:#0400;\r\n\tmso-fareast-language:#0400;\r\n\tmso-bidi-language:#0400;}\r\n\u003c/style\u003e\r\n\u003c![endif]--\u003e\r\n\u003c/head\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cbody lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style=\u0027tab-interval:.5in\u0027\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=Section1\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ctable class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0\r\n style=\u0027border-collapse:collapse;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n \u003ctr style=\u0027mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;page-break-inside:avoid\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=434 colspan=2 valign=top style=\u0027width:325.45pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:9.0pt;text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan\r\n  style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003eCONCEPT OF\u003cbr\u003e\r\n  NOVELTY IN PATENTING SYSTEM\u003cspan style=\u0027color:black\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr style=\u0027mso-yfti-irow:1;page-break-inside:avoid\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=434 colspan=2 valign=top style=\u0027width:325.45pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan\r\n  style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003eM. Haseeb Javaid\u003cbr\u003e\r\n  Advocate, Lahore\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027color:black\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n  text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n  color:black\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr style=\u0027mso-yfti-irow:2\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=144 valign=top style=\u0027width:108.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:3.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003ePublished in:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=290 valign=top style=\u0027width:217.2pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:3.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003eCorporate Law Decisions\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr style=\u0027mso-yfti-irow:3\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=144 valign=top style=\u0027width:108.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:3.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003eYear of Publication:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=290 valign=top style=\u0027width:217.2pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:3.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003e2011\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr style=\u0027mso-yfti-irow:4;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=144 valign=top style=\u0027width:108.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003eSuggested Citation:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=290 valign=top style=\u0027width:217.2pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003e2011 CLD Journal Section p.1\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003c/table\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:8.0pt;\r\nmargin-left:0in\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003e A patent is a monopoly right granted to\r\na person who has invented a new and useful article or an improvement of an\r\nexisting article or a new process of making an article. It consists of an\r\nexclusive right to manufacture the new article invented or manufacture an\r\narticle according to the invented process, for a limited period. \u003ca\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn1\u0027 href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;\r\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[1]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003ePatent\r\nis not a new concept and it has its roots deep in centuries. Constitution of\r\nAmerica, which was enacted in 1787, was the first supreme legislation in this\r\nworld, which had incorporated the rights of authors, and inventors in its body\r\nensuring sufficient protection for the writings and discoveries as basic\r\nconstitutional protection. A patent is an exclusive right granted for an\r\ninvention, which is a product or a process that provides, in general, a new way\r\nof doing something, or offers a new technical solution to a problem. It is\r\ngranted in form of a document, issued, upon application, \u003c/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:8.0pt;font-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";mso-bidi-font-family:\r\n\"Bookman Old Style\";color:#FF6600\u0027\u003e(Cit. p.2) \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003eby a government office,\r\nwhich describes an invention and creates a legal situation in which the\r\npatented invention can normally only be exploited (manufactured, used, sold,\r\nimported) with the authorization of the owner of the patent. The patent is a\r\nsafe method for protection of an invention for its being copied by the general\r\npublic, for a limited time. In order to be patentable, the invention must\r\nfulfil certain conditions:--\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003e .....Patents\r\nshall be available for any inventions, whether products or processes, in all\r\nfields of technology, provided that they are new, involve an inventive step and\r\nare capable of industrial application. \u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn2\u0027\r\nhref=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan class=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[2]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eBeing\r\n\u0026quot;New\u0026quot; is the requirement of patentablility, which must be fulfilled.\r\nThe term \u0026quot;New\u0026quot; means; (1) not existing before (2) Introduced, made,\r\ninvented etc. recently or for the first time. And the legal term, used for\r\n\u0026quot;\u003cu\u003equality of being new\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot;, is\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003e\u0026quot;\u003cu\u003eNovelty\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot;.\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn3\u0027 href=\"#_edn3\"\r\nname=\"_ednref3\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan class=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;\r\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[3]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eSo,\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003ein\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003epure\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003elegal\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003esense\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eNovelty\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eis\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003ethe\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003efact that an invention is new\r\nin form and in function or performance.\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn4\u0027\r\nhref=\"#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan class=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;\r\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[4]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eNovelty\r\nis a fundamental requirement in any examination\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003eas\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eto\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003esubstance\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003eand\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eis\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003ean\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003eundisputed condition of patentability. It must be emphasized, however,\r\nthat novelty is not something, which can be proved or established; only its\r\nabsence can be proved. So, \u0026quot;Novelty\u0026quot; has been defined as: An\r\ninvention shall be considered to be new if it does not form part of the\r\n\u0026quot;state of the art\u0026quot;\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn5\u0027 href=\"#_edn5\"\r\nname=\"_ednref5\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan class=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;\r\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[5]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\r\n(also known as \u0026quot;prior art\u0026quot;).\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003e\u0026quot;\u003cu\u003eState\r\nof the art\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot; or \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003ePrior art\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot; is, in general, all the\r\nknowledge that existed prior to the relevant filing or priority date of a\r\npatent application, whether it existed by way of written or oral disclosure or\r\nby making the invention available for public use. The question of what should\r\nconstitute \u0026quot;prior art\u0026quot; at a given time is one, which has been the\r\nsubject of some debate. It is clear that \u0026quot;to be part of the state of the\r\nart, the invention must have been made available to public\u0026quot;.\u003ca\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn6\u0027 href=\"#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;\r\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[6]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\r\nAnd it was held that \u0026quot;availability..., involves two \u003c/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:8.0pt;font-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";mso-bidi-font-family:\r\n\"Bookman Old Style\";color:#FF6600\u0027\u003e(Cit. p.3) \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003eseparate stages...\r\navailability of the means of disclosure, and availability of information which\r\nis accessible and derivable from such means\u0026quot;.\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:\r\nedn7\u0027 href=\"#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan class=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;\r\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[7]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eThe\r\ndisclosure of an invention so that it becomes part of the prior art may take\r\nplace in three ways, namely:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-hansi-font-family:\r\n\"Times New Roman\";mso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-char-type:symbol;\r\nmso-symbol-font-family:Symbol\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:\r\nSymbol\u0027\u003e \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e      \u003c/span\u003eBy a description of the invention in a\r\npublished writing or publication in other form;\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-hansi-font-family:\r\n\"Times New Roman\";mso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-char-type:symbol;\r\nmso-symbol-font-family:Symbol\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:\r\nSymbol\u0027\u003e \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e      \u003c/span\u003eBy a description of the invention in\r\nspoken words uttered in public, such a disclosure being called an oral\r\ndisclosure;\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-hansi-font-family:\r\n\"Times New Roman\";mso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-char-type:symbol;\r\nmso-symbol-font-family:Symbol\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:\r\nSymbol\u0027\u003e \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e      \u003c/span\u003eBy the use of the invention in public, or\r\nby putting the public in a position that enables any member of the public to\r\nuse it, such a disclosure being a \u0026quot;disclosure by use. \u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eThe\r\nHouse of Lords stated that:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003e The\r\nuse of product makes the invention part of the state of the art only so far as\r\nthat use makes available the necessary information. \u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:\r\nedn8\u0027 href=\"#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan class=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[8]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eEven\r\nif the subject-matter sought to be patented is not exactly shown by the prior\r\nart, and involves one or more differences\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003eover\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003ethe\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003emost\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003enearly\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003esimilar\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003ething\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003ealready\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eknown,\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003ea\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003epatent\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003emay\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003estill\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003ebe\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003erefused\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eif the\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003edifferences would be obvious. The subject-matter sought to be patented,\r\nmust be sufficiently different from what has been used or described before that\r\nit may be said to be non-obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the area\r\nof technology related to the invention. For example, the substitutions of one\r\nmaterial for another, or changes in size, are ordinarily not patentable.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eOne\r\nviewpoint (as is currently the requirement in New Zealand) is that the\r\ndetermination of prior art should be made against a background of what is known\r\nonly in the protecting country. This would exclude knowledge from other\r\ncountries, if it was not imported into the country before the making of the\r\ninvention, even if that knowledge was available abroad before the date of the\r\nmaking of the invention. This concept is called \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003eLocal Novelty\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot;.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:8.0pt;font-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";mso-bidi-font-family:\r\n\"Bookman Old Style\";color:#FF6600\u0027\u003e(Cit. p.4) \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003eIn other countries,\r\nincluding European countries, any act that makes an invention available to the\r\npublic before the filing date or priority date has the effect of barring the\r\ninvention from being patented. This is known as an \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003eAbsolute Novelty\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot;\r\nrequirement.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eIn\r\nsome countries, such as the United States and Japan, a grace period exists for\r\nprotecting an inventor or the successor in title from a publication of the\r\ninvention before the filing date. That is, if the inventor or the successor in\r\ntitle publishes the invention, an application can still be validly filed which\r\nwill be considered novel despite the publication, provided that the filing is\r\nmade during the grace period following the publication. The grace period is\r\nusually 6 or 12 months. This type of novelty bar is sometimes known as a \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003erelative\r\nnovelty\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot; bar.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eIn\r\npatent law, a \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003epriority right\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot; or \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003eright of priority\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot;\r\nis a time-limited right, triggered by the first filing of an application for a\r\npatent. The priority right belongs to the applicant or his successor in title\r\nand allows him to file a subsequent application in another country for the same\r\ninvention and benefit, for this subsequent application, from the date of filing\r\nof the first application for the examination of certain requirements. When\r\nfiling the subsequent application, the applicant must claim the\r\n\u0026quot;priority\u0026quot; of the first application in order to make use of the right\r\nof priority. The period of priority, i.e. the period during which the priority\r\nright exists, is usually 12 months for patents. The period of priority is often\r\nreferred to as the \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003epriority year\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot; for patents. The grace\r\nperiod should not be confused with the priority year. The priority year starts\r\nwhen the first filing is made, while the grace period starts from the\r\npre-filing publication.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eThere\r\nare two systems governing the patent law, regarding there priority right,\r\n\u0026quot;\u003cu\u003efirst to invent system\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot; and \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003efirst to file system\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot;.\r\nThe United States and Canada uses a first-to-invent system. According to this\r\nsystem, provided an inventor is diligent in reducing an application to\r\npractice, he or she will be the first inventor and the inventor will remain\r\nentitled to a patent, even if another files a patent application before the\r\ninventor.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eEvery\r\ncountry other than the United States and Canada uses a first-to-file system.\r\nThis means that, regardless of who the first inventor was, the person or legal \u003c/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:8.0pt;font-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";mso-bidi-font-family:\r\n\"Bookman Old Style\";color:#FF6600\u0027\u003e(Cit. p.5) \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003eentity who files a\r\npatent application first is the one who can be granted a patent for the\r\ninvention. The first-to-invent versus first-to-file rule is one of the major\r\ndifferences between U.S. and Canada\u0027s patent law and the patents systems of\r\nother nations.\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn9\u0027 href=\"#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\"\r\ntitle=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan class=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-special-character:\r\nfootnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan class=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-fareast-font-family:\r\n\"MS Mincho\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[9]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eThe\r\nstandard method for discovering if a proposed invention is novel is to perform\r\na \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003eprior art search\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot; or \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003enovelty search\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot;. A\r\nprior art search may for instance be performed using a keyword search of patent\r\ndatabases. This search is often conducted by patent attorneys, patent agents or\r\nprofessional patent searchers before an inventor files a patent application. A\r\nnovelty search helps an inventor in determining either the invention is novel\r\nor not, before committing the resources necessary to obtain a patent.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003e\u003cu\u003eIn\r\nPakistan\u003c/u\u003e, law of patents is regulated under The Patents Ordinance, 2000.\r\n\u0026quot;Question of \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003enovelty and invention\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot; has to be seen and\r\njudged, keeping in view the provisions of S.2 (i) of Patents Ordinance, 2000.\r\nWhere the \u0026quot;\u003cu\u003einvention\u003c/u\u003e\u0026quot; is defined to mean as new and useful\r\nproduct or process in any field of technology; and includes any new and useful\r\nimprovement of either of them\u0026quot;.\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn10\u0027\r\nhref=\"#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan class=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;\r\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[10]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\r\nIn the Ordinance concept of novelty is elaborated under section 8, and\r\ndisclosure to the public is stated in the words \u0026quot;everything disclosed to\r\nthe public anywhere in the world\u0026quot;,\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn11\u0027\r\nhref=\"#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan class=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;\r\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[11]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\r\nso novelty is no more considered with reference to what is publicly known in\r\nthe territories of Pakistan or what is publicly used in the territories of\r\nPakistan, prior to the date of the patent application. The Public use or\r\nknowledge of an invention anywhere in the world before the date of the\r\napplication would prejudice the novelty of the invention. Applicants for\r\npatents should therefore, take particular care to see that their inventions are\r\nnot publicly used any where in the world, prior to the date of their patent\r\napplications. Publication of the invention should, therefore, be avoided before\r\napplying for Patents.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:6.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Monotype Sorts\";mso-ascii-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-hansi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:\"Monotype Sorts\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:\"Monotype Sorts\"\u0027\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:\r\n1\u0027\u003e      \u003c/span\u003ePatent rights were denied to an inventor of an improved design\r\nof ballpoint, pen, merely on the ground that the inventor himself had published\r\na description of making ballpoint pens and had made two pens embodying the\r\ninvention available to the \u003c/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:8.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";mso-bidi-font-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";\r\ncolor:#FF6600\u0027\u003e(Cit. p.6) \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003emembers of the public, before filling the patent\r\napplication.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:6.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Monotype Sorts\";mso-ascii-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-hansi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:\"Monotype Sorts\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:\"Monotype Sorts\"\u0027\u003e;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:\r\n1\u0027\u003e      \u003c/span\u003eA new method of producing nylon with evenly distributed carbon\r\nblack content was not granted patent of the prior publication the information\r\nwas disclosed through bulletins to the members of the public by the applicant s\r\nsalesman.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:6.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eThere\r\nare couple of exceptions available in patent law, regarding the making of\r\ninformation available to public. As, the novelty of a patentable invention in\r\nrespect of goods would not be prejudiced if an article is exhibited at an\r\nofficial or officially recognized international exhibition within twelve months\r\npreceding the date of filing of an application for grant of patent. If later\r\non, the right of priority is invoked, then the period shall start from the date\r\nof introduction of the article into the exhibition.\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:\r\nedn12\u0027 href=\"#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;\r\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[12]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:6.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eAn\r\nother exception is  \u003cu\u003esecrecy agreement\u003c/u\u003e . Information kept secret, for\r\ninstance as a trade secret, is not usually construct  prior art  provided that\r\nemployees and others with access to the information are under a non-disclosure\r\nobligation. In case of absence of such an obligation, the information will\r\ntypically be regarded as prior art. Generally, this means that a patent may be\r\ngranted on an invention despite the fact that someone else knew of the\r\ninvention. A person who used an invention in secret may in some jurisdictions\r\nbe able to claim  prior user rights  and thereby gain the right to continue\r\nusing the invention.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:6.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eIn\r\nEuropean Patent Office (EPO), the Board of Appeal held;\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:6.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003e However,\r\nthat the evidence established that all potential customers to whom the\r\ninvention had been disclosed understood that the information was confidential\r\nand that there had been agreement to this effect. An express and specific\r\nagreement as to confidentiality was not necessary, because an obligation as to\r\nconfidence could arise from a relationship of good faith, even if not made\r\norally. The claimed invention had therefore not been made available to the\r\npublic. \u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn13\u0027 href=\"#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";letter-spacing:.2pt;mso-ansi-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[13]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt;text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e---------\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt;text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt;text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt;text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:8.0pt;text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote-list\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportEndnotes]\u003e\u003cbr clear=all\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003chr align=left size=1 width=\"33%\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c![endif]\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn1\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn1\u0027 href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[1]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e \u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eIntellectual\r\nProperty Law 3rd Ed. by P. Narayanan; See also [2005 CLD 1768]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn2\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn2\u0027 href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[2]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e \u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eTRIPS -\r\nAgreement On Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Article\r\n27(1)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn3\u0027 href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[3]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e \u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eOxford\r\nAdvanced Learner s Dictionary, 5th Ed. [p. 781, p. 792]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn4\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn4\u0027 href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[4]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e \u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eBlack s Law\r\nDictionary, 7th Ed. [p. 1092]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn5\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn5\u0027 href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[5]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e \u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eArticle 54,\r\nEuropean Patent Convention (EPC), 1973; also stated in Quantel v. Spaceward\r\n[1990 RPC 83]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn6\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn6\u0027 href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[6]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e \u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eMerell Dow\r\nv. H.N. Norton, [House of Lords, 1996 RPC 76]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn7\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn7\u0027 href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[7]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e \u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eT952/92\r\n(PACKARD/Supersolve) O.J. EPO 1995, 755\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn8\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn8\u0027 href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[8]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e \u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eMerrell Dow\r\nv. H.N. Norton, [House of Lords, 1996 RPC 76]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn9\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn9\u0027 href=\"#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[9]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e      \u003c/span\u003ehttp://www.wikipedia.com\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn10\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn10\u0027 href=\"#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[10]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eKhawaja\r\nTahir Jamal v. Messrs A.R. Rehman Glass [2005 CLD 1768]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn11\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn11\u0027 href=\"#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[11]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eSection 8(2)(a),\r\nThe Patents Ordinance, 2000 (Ordinance No. LXI of 2000)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn12\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn12\u0027 href=\"#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[12]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eSection\r\n8(3), the Patents Ordinance, 2000 (Ordinance No.LXI of 2000)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv style=\u0027mso-element:endnote\u0027 id=edn13\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoEndnoteText style=\u0027margin-left:.3in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n-.3in\u0027\u003e\u003ca style=\u0027mso-endnote-id:edn13\u0027 href=\"#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-special-character:footnote\u0027\u003e\u003c![if !supportFootnotes]\u003e\u003cspan\r\nclass=MsoEndnoteReference\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\nmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:\r\nEN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\u0027\u003e[13]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c![endif]\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eT830/90\r\n(MACRO MARINE SYSTEMS/Confidentiality agreement) O.J. EPO 1994, 713\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/body\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/html\u003e\r\n"