"\u003chtml xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\nxmlns:w=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word\"\r\nxmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003chead\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta http-equiv=Content-Type content=\"text/html; charset=windows-1252\"\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=ProgId content=Word.Document\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=Generator content=\"Microsoft Word 11\"\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=Originator content=\"Microsoft Word 11\"\u003e\r\n\u003clink rel=File-List href=\"2011J41_files/filelist.xml\"\u003e\r\n\u003ctitle\u003e305\u003c/title\u003e\r\n\u003c!--[if gte mso 9]\u003e\u003cxml\u003e\r\n \u003co:DocumentProperties\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Author\u003efarhan\u003c/o:Author\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Template\u003eNormal\u003c/o:Template\u003e\r\n  \u003co:LastAuthor\u003eAdil Hafeez\u003c/o:LastAuthor\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Revision\u003e2\u003c/o:Revision\u003e\r\n  \u003co:TotalTime\u003e0\u003c/o:TotalTime\u003e\r\n  \u003co:LastPrinted\u003e2003-07-20T21:06:00Z\u003c/o:LastPrinted\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Created\u003e2012-07-21T06:56:00Z\u003c/o:Created\u003e\r\n  \u003co:LastSaved\u003e2012-07-21T06:56:00Z\u003c/o:LastSaved\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Pages\u003e2\u003c/o:Pages\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Words\u003e1307\u003c/o:Words\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Characters\u003e7450\u003c/o:Characters\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Company\u003eOratier\u003c/o:Company\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Lines\u003e62\u003c/o:Lines\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Paragraphs\u003e17\u003c/o:Paragraphs\u003e\r\n  \u003co:CharactersWithSpaces\u003e8740\u003c/o:CharactersWithSpaces\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Version\u003e11.5606\u003c/o:Version\u003e\r\n \u003c/o:DocumentProperties\u003e\r\n\u003c/xml\u003e\u003c![endif]--\u003e\u003c!--[if gte mso 9]\u003e\u003cxml\u003e\r\n \u003cw:WordDocument\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:DoNotHyphenateCaps/\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:DrawingGridHorizontalSpacing\u003e9.35 pt\u003c/w:DrawingGridHorizontalSpacing\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery\u003e2\u003c/w:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:ValidateAgainstSchemas\u003efalse\u003c/w:ValidateAgainstSchemas\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:SaveIfXMLInvalid\u003efalse\u003c/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:IgnoreMixedContent\u003efalse\u003c/w:IgnoreMixedContent\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText\u003efalse\u003c/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:DoNotUnderlineInvalidXML/\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:Compatibility\u003e\r\n   \u003cw:SelectEntireFieldWithStartOrEnd/\u003e\r\n   \u003cw:UseWord2002TableStyleRules/\u003e\r\n  \u003c/w:Compatibility\u003e\r\n  \u003cw:BrowserLevel\u003eMicrosoftInternetExplorer4\u003c/w:BrowserLevel\u003e\r\n \u003c/w:WordDocument\u003e\r\n\u003c/xml\u003e\u003c![endif]--\u003e\u003c!--[if gte mso 9]\u003e\u003cxml\u003e\r\n \u003cw:LatentStyles DefLockedState=\"false\" LatentStyleCount=\"156\"\u003e\r\n \u003c/w:LatentStyles\u003e\r\n\u003c/xml\u003e\u003c![endif]--\u003e\r\n\u003cstyle\u003e\r\n\u003c!--\r\n /* Font Definitions */\r\n @font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"Tms Rmn\";\r\n\tpanose-1:2 2 6 3 4 5 5 2 3 4;\r\n\tmso-font-charset:0;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tpanose-1:2 2 6 9 4 2 5 8 3 4;\r\n\tmso-font-alt:\"?l?r ?? fc\";\r\n\tmso-font-charset:128;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:fixed;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:1 134676480 16 0 131072 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:Tahoma;\r\n\tpanose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;\r\n\tmso-font-charset:0;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:swiss;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:1627421319 -2147483648 8 0 66047 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";\r\n\tpanose-1:2 5 6 4 5 5 5 2 2 4;\r\n\tmso-font-charset:0;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:647 0 0 0 159 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tpanose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;\r\n\tmso-font-alt:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-font-charset:0;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:BookmanSSK;\r\n\tpanose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;\r\n\tmso-font-alt:\"Courier New\";\r\n\tmso-font-charset:0;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}\r\n@font-face\r\n\t{font-family:\"\\@MS Mincho\";\r\n\tpanose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;\r\n\tmso-font-charset:128;\r\n\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\r\n\tmso-font-format:other;\r\n\tmso-font-pitch:fixed;\r\n\tmso-font-signature:1 134676480 16 0 131072 0;}\r\n /* Style Definitions */\r\n p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal\r\n\t{mso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nh1\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:1;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-font-kerning:0pt;\r\n\tfont-weight:normal;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\nh2\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:2;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tfont-weight:normal;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\nh3\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:3;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;\r\n\tfont-style:italic;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\nh4\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:4;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in 1.0in 88.3pt 1.5in 1.75in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Tms Rmn\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Tms Rmn\";\r\n\tcolor:black;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\nh5\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:5;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tfont-weight:normal;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\nh6\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:6;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\np.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:7;\r\n\tfont-size:14.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:8;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9\r\n\t{mso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:1.45pt;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:right;\r\n\ttext-indent:.5in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:9;\r\n\tmso-layout-grid-align:none;\r\n\tpunctuation-wrap:simple;\r\n\ttext-autospace:none;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Arial;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-ansi-language:EN-GB;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader\r\n\t{margin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in center 3.0in right 6.0in;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";}\r\np.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:center 3.0in right 6.0in;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.MsoFootnoteReference\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tvertical-align:super;}\r\nspan.MsoEndnoteReference\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tvertical-align:super;}\r\np.MsoEndnoteText, li.MsoEndnoteText, div.MsoEndnoteText\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoTitle, li.MsoTitle, div.MsoTitle\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:20.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Arial;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBodyTextIndent, li.MsoBodyTextIndent, div.MsoBodyTextIndent\r\n\t{margin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:.5in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tline-height:13.9pt;\r\n\tmso-line-height-rule:exactly;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tmso-layout-grid-align:none;\r\n\ttext-autospace:none;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBodyText2, li.MsoBodyText2, div.MsoBodyText2\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\np.MsoBodyText3, li.MsoBodyText3, div.MsoBodyText3\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:14.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:-.15pt;}\r\np.MsoBlockText, li.MsoBlockText, div.MsoBlockText\r\n\t{margin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:63.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:1.0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\na:link, span.MsoHyperlink\r\n\t{color:blue;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\na:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed\r\n\t{color:purple;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\np.MsoPlainText, li.MsoPlainText, div.MsoPlainText\r\n\t{margin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Courier New\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np\r\n\t{mso-margin-top-alt:auto;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:8.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Tahoma;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.style5, li.style5, div.style5\r\n\t{mso-style-name:style5;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"Plain Text\";\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";}\r\np.AltC, li.AltC, div.AltC\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+C;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:style5;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.AltA, li.AltA, div.AltA\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+A;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:Alt+C;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.AltB, li.AltB, div.AltB\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+B;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:.5in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\ttext-indent:-.3in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.AltDCenter, li.AltDCenter, div.AltDCenter\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Alt+D Center\";\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"Heading 2\";\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:2;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.AltK, li.AltK, div.AltK\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+K;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:style5;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\ttext-indent:.2in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.AltR, li.AltR, div.AltR\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+R;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:Alt+C;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in right 4.4in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.Alt-1, li.Alt-1, div.Alt-1\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt-1;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"Alt+D Center\";\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:2;\r\n\tfont-size:8.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Arial;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\ttext-transform:uppercase;\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.Alt-O, li.Alt-O, div.Alt-O\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt-O;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"Alt+D Center\";\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\tmso-outline-level:2;\r\n\tfont-size:8.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Arial;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\ttext-transform:uppercase;\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.HeaderFooter, li.HeaderFooter, div.HeaderFooter\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Header \u0026 Footer\";\r\n\tmso-style-parent:Alt+C;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in center 2.2in right 315.35pt;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tletter-spacing:.2pt;}\r\np.style2, li.style2, div.style2\r\n\t{mso-style-name:style2;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:center;\r\n\ttext-indent:.2in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";}\r\np.style3, li.style3, div.style3\r\n\t{mso-style-name:style3;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:.5in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\ttext-indent:-.3in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"CG Times\";}\r\np.AltQ, li.AltQ, div.AltQ\r\n\t{mso-style-name:Alt+Q;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.1in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:none;\r\n\tpage-break-after:avoid;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:BookmanSSK;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"MS Mincho\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:BookmanSSK;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;\r\n\tfont-style:italic;}\r\np.PageXofY, li.PageXofY, div.PageXofY\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Page X of Y\";\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.grame\r\n\t{mso-style-name:grame;}\r\nspan.spelle\r\n\t{mso-style-name:spelle;}\r\np.byline, li.byline, div.byline\r\n\t{mso-style-name:byline;\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Arial;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.Lastprinted, li.Lastprinted, div.Lastprinted\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Last printed\";\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.hit1\r\n\t{mso-style-name:hit1;\r\n\tcolor:windowtext;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\nspan.bold1\r\n\t{mso-style-name:bold1;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\np.loose, li.loose, div.loose\r\n\t{mso-style-name:loose;\r\n\tmargin-top:10.5pt;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.underline1\r\n\t{mso-style-name:underline1;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\n /* Page Definitions */\r\n @page\r\n\t{mso-footnote-separator:url(\"2011J41_files/header.htm\") fs;\r\n\tmso-footnote-continuation-separator:url(\"2011J41_files/header.htm\") fcs;\r\n\tmso-endnote-separator:url(\"2011J41_files/header.htm\") es;\r\n\tmso-endnote-continuation-separator:url(\"2011J41_files/header.htm\") ecs;\r\n\tmso-facing-pages:yes;\r\n\tmso-endnote-numbering-style:arabic;}\r\n@page Section1\r\n\t{size:8.5in 11.0in;\r\n\tmargin:1.5in 189.35pt 1.9in 1.5in;\r\n\tmso-header-margin:1.1in;\r\n\tmso-footer-margin:123.85pt;\r\n\tmso-paper-source:0;}\r\ndiv.Section1\r\n\t{page:Section1;\r\n\tmso-endnote-numbering-style:arabic;}\r\n /* List Definitions */\r\n ol\r\n\t{margin-bottom:0in;}\r\nul\r\n\t{margin-bottom:0in;}\r\n--\u003e\r\n\u003c/style\u003e\r\n\u003c!--[if gte mso 10]\u003e\r\n\u003cstyle\u003e\r\n /* Style Definitions */\r\n table.MsoNormalTable\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\";\r\n\tmso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;\r\n\tmso-tstyle-colband-size:0;\r\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\r\n\tmso-para-margin:0in;\r\n\tmso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-ansi-language:#0400;\r\n\tmso-fareast-language:#0400;\r\n\tmso-bidi-language:#0400;}\r\n\u003c/style\u003e\r\n\u003c![endif]--\u003e\r\n\u003c/head\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cbody lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style=\u0027tab-interval:.5in\u0027\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=Section1\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ctable class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0\r\n style=\u0027border-collapse:collapse;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n \u003ctr style=\u0027mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;page-break-inside:avoid\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=434 colspan=2 valign=top style=\u0027width:325.45pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:9.0pt;text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan\r\n  style=\u0027font-size:12.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003eERADICATION OF\r\n  CORRUPTION:\u003cbr\u003e\r\n  INITIATIVES AND STRATEGIES\u003cspan style=\u0027color:black\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr style=\u0027mso-yfti-irow:1;page-break-inside:avoid\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=434 colspan=2 valign=top style=\u0027width:325.45pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan\r\n  style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003eNoor Alam Khan,\u003cbr\u003e\r\n  Member Executive (KPK)\u003cbr\u003e\r\n  Supreme Court Bar Association\u003cspan style=\u0027color:black\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC align=center style=\u0027margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n  text-align:center\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n  color:black\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr style=\u0027mso-yfti-irow:2\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=144 valign=top style=\u0027width:108.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:3.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003ePublished in:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=290 valign=top style=\u0027width:217.2pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:3.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003eAll Pakistan Legal Decisions\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr style=\u0027mso-yfti-irow:3\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=144 valign=top style=\u0027width:108.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:3.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003eYear of Publication:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=290 valign=top style=\u0027width:217.2pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:3.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003e2011\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr style=\u0027mso-yfti-irow:4;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=144 valign=top style=\u0027width:108.25pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003eSuggested Citation:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n  \u003ctd width=290 valign=top style=\u0027width:217.2pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt\u0027\u003e\r\n  \u003cp class=AltC style=\u0027margin-bottom:12.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\n  font-family:\"Times New Roman\";color:blue\u0027\u003e2011 PLD Journal Section p.97\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n  \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003c/table\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-top:9.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eCorruption\r\ncan be defined as \u0026quot;any conduct or behavior\u0026quot; immoral, deprived or\r\ndishonest practice to citizens, violating their duties and public trust as\r\npublic officials do for the promotion of the private gains.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eGiving or obtaining advantage through\r\nmeans which are illegitimate, immoral, and/or inconsistent with one\u0027s duty or\r\nthe rights of others is also fallen under the definition of corruption.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eGenerally Corruption can be the promotion\r\nof private gains or selfish interest at the expense of public interest, against\r\nthe overall objectives of the Government, by whoever in charge and responsible\r\nwithin the area of work.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:4.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eCorruption\r\nis not only caused by the Government\u0027s incapability to apply\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eand\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003eenforce\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eeffective monitoring\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003esystems, but also because there is not an\r\nintegrated system of internal supervision in the public sector. That is the\r\nreasons why corruption is spreading everywhere in Pakistan now-a-days. For the\r\npurpose of strategy, this includes the failure to disclose an interest or\r\npersonal relationship, in order to gain a financial or other pecuniary benefit.\r\nClearly for the purpose of the strategy, it is important to establish a common\r\nunderstanding of what \u003c/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:8.0pt;font-family:\r\n\"Bookman Old Style\";mso-bidi-font-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";color:#FF6600\u0027\u003e(Cit.\r\np.98) \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003econstitutes\r\ncorruption and whose corrupt activities are covered in order to focus research\r\nand target the strategy effectively.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:4.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eCombating\r\ncorruption requires a complex approach that addresses the many causes, feature\r\nand structural issues that corruption entails. It also requires courage and a\r\nlong-term commitment by a variety of anti-corruption actors, Political leaders,\r\nchampions amongst public servants, civil society, media, academics, the private\r\nsector and international organizations all play important roles in addressing\r\ncorruption.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:4.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eOur\r\npolitical system, Administrations as well as with few exceptions our legal\r\nsystem is corrupt. Eradication may not be possible but it can be controlled to\r\na great extent. Corruption is a very bad thing and it is the root cause for\r\ninferior quality of work, efficiency can be masked by this corruptive practice.\r\nIt is very unfortunate corruption is becoming a way of life.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:4.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eIn\r\nhis historic speech delivered to the first Constituent Assembly of Pakistan on\r\n11th August, 1947, the Quaid-i-Azam identified the first duty of his Government\r\nas the maintenance of law and order. He defined his second priority in the\r\nfollowing words:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:4.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003e\u0026quot;One\r\nof the biggest curses from which India is suffering, I do not say that other\r\ncountries are free from it, but, I think our condition is much worse, is\r\nbribery and corruption. That really is a poison. We must put it down with an\r\niron hand.\u0026quot;\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:4.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eThe\r\nmain object of this article is to encourage our politicians, administrators,\r\nexecutive, police, legal authorities to do their job with the best of their\r\nsincerity. By adopting the following initiative and strategies the corruption\r\ncan be eradicated.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:4.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e1.\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003ethe\r\nprevention and detection of fraud and corruption and the protection\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eof\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003ethe\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003epublic\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003epurse\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003eare\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003ethe\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eresponsibility\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eof everyone.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:4.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e2.\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eThe\r\nchief source of corruption in our system of administration is the use of money\r\nin the elections. There are a number of examples where candidates spend the\r\nmoney in the elections which are several times greater than as expenditure\r\nspecified by the Election Commission. In almost all cases, the sources of funding\r\nand other expenditure are totally undisclosed and unaccounted. As a result\r\nmoney-power is acquiring dominance in our elections and has become the chief\r\nsource, as well as primary cause, of corruption in public life.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e3.\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eKnowledge is power, and knowledge can\r\nprotect from the corruption. The government should start the campaign for good\r\ngovernance as the initiative should come from donors and the \u003c/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:8.0pt;font-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";mso-bidi-font-family:\r\n\"Bookman Old Style\";color:#FF6600\u0027\u003e(Cit. p.99) \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003epublic. The eradication\r\nof corruption in public service is a strategic effort because the impact will directly\r\nbenefit the people. The success of eradicating corruption in public services\r\nwill improve public trust in the end. The high levels of acceptance and\r\ntolerance of corruption does not mean that people are unconcerned about\r\ncorruption.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e4.\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eFor the eradication of corruption\r\ncontinuously campaign can be started by coordinating with the existing law\r\nenforcement agencies.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e5.\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eThere should be established an independent\r\nbody having no political influence. The main purpose of the body should be to\r\nclean up the society from the corruption by adopting any means and ways.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e6.\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eThere is a need to ensure that any\r\ninvestigation process is not misused and, therefore, any abuse (such as\r\nemployees raisng deliberately malicious allegations) may be dealt with as a\r\ndisciplinary matter.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e7.\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eModus operandi of corruption, now a days,\r\nhas taken a more subtle and complex shape which is known as White Collar Crime\r\nand in the area of \u0026quot;White Collar Crime,\u0026quot; there would hardly be a\r\ndifferent sense of the \u0026quot;bribe and abuse or misuse of authority\u0026quot;,\r\nwhere the motive is to gain any benefit or favour any circumvention howsoever\r\nsubtle would not take it out from the ambit of criminal law on the basis of any\r\ncasuistic reasoning. White Collar Crime required lot of skills and perceptions\r\nfor discovering facts and for collecting evidence for purposes of establishing\r\na criminal case particularly of abuse of power and authority, Planning for a\r\nconsiderable time is required in a white collar crime where people are\r\ncultivated and are bribed indirectly and often obliquely so that they would be\r\nof use at a time when they are needed. Ostensible shape of the benefits may be\r\nanything but the Court had to see its reality.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;font-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e8.\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e     \u003c/span\u003eWhite collar crimes cannot be equated with\r\nordinary crimes of theft or injury as white collar crimes are directed against\r\nsociety at large and had affected entire society. Merely in name of white\r\ncollar crime liberties of citizens cannot be curtailed and respectable persons\r\ncannot be allowed to be humiliated without sanction of law. Nobody\u0027s\r\nfundamental right of life, liberty, property, respect, honour and dignity, can\r\nbe curtailed otherwise than in due course of law. Nobody can be deprived of his\r\nhonour, except when he is shown to have committed an offence punishable under\r\nlaw.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:5.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:8.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";mso-bidi-font-family:\"Bookman Old Style\";\r\ncolor:#FF6600\u0027\u003e(Cit. p.100) \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e9.\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003ePrinciples relating to the burden of proof and benefit of doubt as\r\napplicable to an ordinary criminal trial are not applicable to the white collar\r\ncrime and the cases dealing with the corruption and corrupt practices. Ordinary\r\ncrimes and white collar crimes are to be placed within two separate and\r\ndistinct categories. Prosecution is initially required to establish the\r\npossession of the properties or pecuniary resources of the accused\r\ndisproportionate to known sources of his income. There should be effective\r\ninvestigation system and strong prosecution department for these cases so that\r\nthe real culprit can be punished.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:5.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e10.\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e   \u003c/span\u003eSupport\r\nfrom the civil society in combating corruption is actually in line with the\r\nbasic idea of good governance. Good governance assumes the balance between the\r\nState, the private sector and the civil society. In fact, most of the efforts\r\nto eradicate corruption are State-oriented and give lots of support to the\r\nGovernment, although the Government does not have enough of a political will to\r\ncarry it out.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:5.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e11.\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e   \u003c/span\u003eOur\r\nLegal and judicial Justice is unapproachable, slow and discriminatory,\r\nencouraging contempt for the law.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:5.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e12.\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e   \u003c/span\u003eThe\r\npolitical system consists of jagirdarana Nizam, low levels of political\r\ncompetition, poor quality of candidates, an undemocratic and unaccountable\r\nparty system, unreliable voting and weak political leadership. Weak political\r\nsystem include low literacy rates. So if we can increase the literacy rate then\r\npossibilities for eradication of corruption can be obtained.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:5.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e13.\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e   \u003c/span\u003eEradication\r\nof corruption is laudable goals and is issues of concern, worldwide. However no\r\ncountry and no system can effectively address these issues unless if has a\r\nproper legal framework within which independent judicial and prosecutorial\r\ninstitution can function. An independent and efficient Anti-Corruption Agency\r\nis also imperative for detection, investigation and bringing\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003ethe corrupt in the dock. Without such\r\ninstitutional arrangements; the Courts may not be in an ideal position to bring\r\nthe accused to justice and even the most corrupt may get away with whatever\r\nthey do.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltB style=\u0027margin-bottom:5.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e14.\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e   \u003c/span\u003eWe\r\nshould establish free media so that they can investigate and expose corrupt\r\npractices.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=AltK style=\u0027margin-bottom:5.0pt\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e       \u003c/span\u003eVoluntary\r\nagencies and religious groups as well as other components of civil society can\r\nplay significant role in eradication of corruption.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n  \r\n\u003c/head\u003e\r\n \r\n\r\n\u003c/html\u003e\r\n"