"\u003chtml xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\nxmlns:w=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word\"\r\nxmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003chead\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta http-equiv=Content-Type content=\"text/html; charset=windows-1252\"\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=ProgId content=Word.Document\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=Generator content=\"Microsoft Word 11\"\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=Originator content=\"Microsoft Word 11\"\u003e\r\n\u003clink rel=File-List href=\"2009J54_files/filelist.xml\"\u003e\r\n\u003ctitle\u003eRESTORATIVE JUSTICE SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN*\u003c/title\u003e\r\n\u003c!--[if gte mso 9]\u003e\u003cxml\u003e\r\n \u003co:DocumentProperties\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Author\u003eUser\u003c/o:Author\u003e\r\n  \u003co:LastAuthor\u003eUser\u003c/o:LastAuthor\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Revision\u003e2\u003c/o:Revision\u003e\r\n  \u003co:TotalTime\u003e0\u003c/o:TotalTime\u003e\r\n  \u003co:Created\u003e2010-01-27T06:45:00Z\u003c/o:Created\u003e\r\n  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1.25in 1.0in 1.25in;\r\n\tmso-header-margin:.5in;\r\n\tmso-footer-margin:.5in;\r\n\tmso-paper-source:0;}\r\ndiv.Section1\r\n\t{page:Section1;}\r\n--\u003e\r\n\u003c/style\u003e\r\n\u003c!--[if gte mso 10]\u003e\r\n\u003cstyle\u003e\r\n /* Style Definitions */\r\n table.MsoNormalTable\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\";\r\n\tmso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;\r\n\tmso-tstyle-colband-size:0;\r\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\r\n\tmso-para-margin:0in;\r\n\tmso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-ansi-language:#0400;\r\n\tmso-fareast-language:#0400;\r\n\tmso-bidi-language:#0400;}\r\n\u003c/style\u003e\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\u003cbody lang=EN-US style=\u0027tab-interval:.5in;text-justify-trim:punctuation\u0027\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=Section1\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal align=center style=\u0027text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;\r\nmso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal align=center style=\u0027text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;\r\nmso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003eRESTORATIVE JUSTICE SYSTEM\r\nIN PAKISTAN\u003cspan style=\u0027color:red\u0027\u003e*\u003c/span\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal align=center style=\u0027text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;\r\nmso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal align=center style=\u0027text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;\r\nmso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003eBy\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal align=center style=\u0027text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;\r\nmso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal align=center style=\u0027text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;\r\nmso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:\r\n-.2pt\u0027\u003eMr. Justice Zafar Ahmed Khan Sherwani, Judge, Sindh High Court\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:-.2pt\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027font-size:10.0pt;color:red;letter-spacing:\r\n.7pt\u0027\u003e* A paper read in one-day consultative conference/workshop on the state\r\nof Juvenile Justice System in Sindh in collaboration with SPARC on 16-5-2009.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:-.2pt\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003eRestorative Justice System, a common feature in\r\nseveral countries around the globe, appears to be novel in Pakistan albeit\r\ninformal dispute resolution system such as jirga and punchayat is in vogue in\r\nall parts of the country for centuries. Since we have not been able to\r\nformalize our informal justice delivery system therefore, on account of\r\nhegemony of the Mights involved therein results unpopular decisions, specially\r\nagainst women, attracting criticism nationally and internationally.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003eThe popularity of Restorative Justice System amongst\r\ncommon men is on account of participation of community and quick as well as \u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt\u0027\u003eeffective resolution of dispute without resorting\r\nto the cumbersome and costly process of state run formal justice delivery\r\nsystem. Similar to Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) system in which parties\r\nto commercial and civil disputes prefer mediation and therefore ADR centres are\r\nworking successfully around the world settling such disputes amicably,\r\neffectively and expeditiously resulting reduction of heavy load on courts and\r\nthe tribunals, centres for restorative justice are also functioning around the\r\nworld successfully resolving criminal disputes with the intervention of\r\ncommunity. The same operate on the premise that conflict, even criminal\r\nconflict, inflicts harm, and therefore individuals must accept responsibility\r\nfor repairing that harm. Communities are empowered to choose their response to\r\nconflict. Victims, offenders and communities actively participate in devising\r\nmutually beneficial solutions, and implementing those solutions. Conflicts are\r\nresolved in a way that restores harmony in the community members\u0027\r\nrelationships, and allows people to continue to live together in a safer and\r\nhealthy environment.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt\u0027\u003eIn the system an\r\noffence committed by an offender is not treated as a crime against the State\r\nbut against the community, therefore, the representatives of the community\r\ninvolve themselves to settle the matter amongst the offender and the victim.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt\u0027\u003eIn Pakistan also\r\ninformal dispute resolution system is certainly required to be formalized by\r\nsuch legislation similar to ADR in civil matters (section 89-A, C.P.C.) which\r\nwill not only result in the reduction of heavy burden of criminal Courts but\r\nalso reduction of population of under trial prisoners of overcrowded jails.\r\nHowever, the immediate need in this regard is to establish centres for\r\nRestorative Justice which can be established with the help of Police, Courts,\r\nWelfare Departments of the Government, NGOs as well as NPOs.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt\u0027\u003eIn this regard an\r\ninitiative was taken by me, as Director of Karachi Centre for Dispute\r\nResolution (KCDR), to establish a centre for settlement of criminal disputes\r\nthrough mediation, in which minor offenders are involved in petty matters on\r\naccount of which they face unnecessary incarceration in State owned detention\r\nfacilities. Police, Welfare Department, Government of Sindh, and UNICEF were\r\ntaken on board. However, the initiative could not be materialized on account of\r\nmy \u0027reappointment as Judge. If the left over work is completed with the\r\nassistance of Home department the same will serve a useful purpose. In this\r\nmodel centre at Karachi all the facilities can be provided under one roof i.e.\r\nSensitized Police which can deal juvenile offenders as required under Juvenile\r\nJustice System Ordinance, 2000 (JJSO), social welfare volunteers, probation\r\nofficers who can take care of juvenile offenders. Similarly a special Court in\r\ninformal and congenial atmosphere can also be established in the premises\r\nannexed with a mediation centre which can work for the purpose of mediation\r\nbetween the juvenile and the victim to resolve offences against offender. In\r\ncase of failure the offender can be tried by the Juvenile Court. The funding\r\ncan perhaps be provided by the government or the UNICEF or any other NGO.\r\nNecessary amendment in the law to provide legal backing to this centre and its\r\nworking will also be needed. Once this centre starts functioning it is possible\r\nthat the burden of juvenile offenders on the Government detention centers be\r\nreduced and the purpose of Juvenile Justice System Ordinance be also achieved.\r\nIt may however to be appreciated that the purpose of implementation of the\r\nconcept of restorative justice system can only be achieved if Police is\r\nempowered through suitable legislation by way of such amendments in the\r\nCriminal Procedure Code for general use and JJSO for juvenile offenders to\r\nrefer the matters to such Centre for restorative justice in case parties agree\r\nto the settlement before filing the case in Court in the form of challan and to\r\ndispose it of in term of amicable settlement so reached, otherwise like similar\r\nenactments, such as Conciliation Courts Ordinance, 1961 and Small Claims and\r\nMinor Offences Courts Ordinance, 2002 which though provide provisions for\r\namicable settlement through conciliators or Salis but the purpose could not be\r\nachieved and ordeal of poor litigants could not be reduced on account of\r\ninvolvement of Courts where the parties are to go through cumbersome procedure\r\nas provided in the relevant statutes.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt\u0027\u003eIt is heartening\r\nthat an exercise in the same direction was made in N.-W.F.P. by the Police to\r\nstart Restorative Justice Program. The Project was announced to be launched in\r\nPeshawar and Abottabad districts in August, 2008 with the financial assistance\r\nof Asian Foundation and the Just Peace International (JPI). The I.G. Police of\r\nthe Province was instrumental to launch the said Restorative Justice Program\r\nunder the plan mediation committees were to be formed with Moharir concerned,\r\nlocal elected representative and local elders as its members. Some training\r\nprogram was to be organized by the JPI for capacity building for Jirga members.\r\nAs per plan the Moharirs in the Police Station concerned were required to\r\ninform the members of the mediation committees about the nature of conflict in\r\ntheir respective jurisdiction before registration of cases. The committee\r\nmembers were to visit police station and to hold negotiation with both\r\noffenders and the victims. The penalties imposed \u0027by the mediation committee\r\nwere to go to the community for the welfare of the people and all sorts of\r\ncases can be looked after by the committees.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:\r\nnone;text-autospace:none\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/body\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/html\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n"