"\u003chtml xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\nxmlns:w=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word\"\r\nxmlns:st1=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags\"\r\nxmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003chead\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta http-equiv=Content-Type content=\"text/html; charset=windows-1252\"\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=ProgId content=Word.Document\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=Generator content=\"Microsoft Word 10\"\u003e\r\n\u003cmeta name=Originator content=\"Microsoft Word 10\"\u003e\r\n\u003clink rel=File-List href=\"2007J5_files/filelist.xml\"\u003e\r\n\u003ctitle\u003eRECOVERY OF FINANCES UNDER THE NATIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY ORDINANCE, 1999\r\nWITH THE PERMISSION OF THE STATE BANK OF PAKISTAN\u003c/title\u003e\r\n\u003co:SmartTagType namespaceuri=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags\"\r\n name=\"stockticker\"/\u003e\r\n\u003co:SmartTagType namespaceuri=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags\"\r\n 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classid=\"clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D\" id=ieooui\u003e\u003c/object\u003e\r\n\u003cstyle\u003e\r\nst1\\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }\r\n\u003c/style\u003e\r\n\u003c![endif]--\u003e\r\n\u003cstyle\u003e\r\n\u003c!--\r\n /* Style Definitions */\r\n p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal\r\n\t{mso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\n@page Section1\r\n\t{size:7.0in 11.0in;\r\n\tmargin:.5in .5in .5in .5in;\r\n\tmso-header-margin:.5in;\r\n\tmso-footer-margin:.5in;\r\n\tmso-paper-source:0;}\r\ndiv.Section1\r\n\t{page:Section1;}\r\n--\u003e\r\n\u003c/style\u003e\r\n\u003c!--[if gte mso 10]\u003e\r\n\u003cstyle\u003e\r\n /* Style Definitions */\r\n table.MsoNormalTable\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\";\r\n\tmso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;\r\n\tmso-tstyle-colband-size:0;\r\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-parent:\"\";\r\n\tmso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;\r\n\tmso-para-margin:0in;\r\n\tmso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\n\u003c/style\u003e\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\u003cbody lang=EN-US style=\u0027tab-interval:.5in\u0027\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=Section1\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:\r\n.1pt\u0027\u003eRECOVERY OF FINANCES UNDER THE NATIONAL \u003c/span\u003eACCOUNTABILITY ORDINANCE,\r\n1999 WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE STATE BANK \u003c/b\u003e\u003cb style=\u0027mso-bidi-font-weight:\r\nnormal\u0027\u003eOF \u003c/b\u003e\u003cst1:country-region\u003e\u003cst1:place\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-bidi-font-weight:\r\n  bold\u0027\u003e\u003cb\u003ePAKISTAN\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/st1:place\u003e\u003c/st1:country-region\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:2.0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n.5in\u0027\u003e\u003cb style=\u0027mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:2.0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n.5in\u0027\u003e\u003cb style=\u0027mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\u0027\u003eBy\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:2.0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:\r\n.5in\u0027\u003e\u003cb style=\u0027mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in\u0027\u003e\u003cb\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt;\r\nmso-bidi-font-style:italic\u0027\u003eJawad Hassan, Advocate Supreme Court Lahore\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in\u0027\u003e\u003cb\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt;\r\nmso-bidi-font-style:italic\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eIn the presence of various laws\r\non the recovery of finances, loans, credits and advances such as the Financial Institutions\r\n(Recovery of Finances) Ordinance, 2001 can the National Accountability Bureau (\u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e)\r\nrecover the huge unpaid amount/public money from the powerful and well\r\nconnected defaulters on the complaints filed against them by the Bank?\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eThis article examines whether on\r\nthe request of the creditors could \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\ninitiate investigations against the defaulters for their refusal to pay back\r\nunder the National Accountability Bureau (Amendment) Ordinance, 1999 (the\r\n\u0026quot;\u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e Ordinance\u0026quot;)? If, yes, what\r\nare the steps for launching a complaint before \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e?\r\nWhether an action before the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e can proceed\r\nduring the pendency of the banking suit regarding the same transaction? And\r\nwhat \u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.6pt\u0027\u003ewill \u003c/span\u003ebe the offences under the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nOrdinance?\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eThe main purposes of the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nOrdinance are, \u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.1pt;mso-bidi-font-style:italic\u0027\u003einter\r\ncilia, \u003c/span\u003eto provide for setting up of the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nso as to: (a) eradicate corruption and corrupt practices and to hold\r\naccountable those who are accused of such practices, (b) conduct speedy\r\ndisposal of cases involving misuse/abuse of power, misappropriation of\r\nproperty, kick-backs and commissions, and (c) to recover outstanding amounts\r\nfrom persons who have committed default in the repayment of amounts to Banks,\r\nCommercial Institutions, Government and other agencies. The scheme of the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nOrdinance mainly applies to cases involving public money and interest and\r\nmisappropriation thereof by a holder of a public office or any other person.\r\nThe \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e Ordinance has been amended various\r\ntimes after the judgments of the superior courts pointing out the illegalities.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eFor a person to become subject to\r\nprosecution under the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e Ordinance, it is\r\nessential that he or she be or have been involved in commission of any of the\r\noffence under the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e Ordinance and/or being\r\nsubject of an investigation/inquiry by the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nor a concerned Agency. In order to determine the scope applicability of the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nOrdinance, it is relevant to examine the meaning of the word \u0026quot;person\u0026quot;\r\nas used therein and to see what are the acts the commission whereof would\r\nrender a person accused of an offence under the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nOrdinance.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eThe word \u0026quot;person\u0026quot; is\r\ndefined in Section 5(o) of the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e Ordinance\r\nas follows:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u0026quot;Person\u0026quot;\r\nunless the context otherwise so requires includes in the case of a \u003cu\u003ecorporate\r\nbody,\u003c/u\u003e the sponsors, Chairman. Chief Executive, Managing Director, \u003cu\u003eelected\r\nDirectors,\u003c/u\u003e by whatever name called, and guarantors of the company or any\r\none exercising direction or control of the affairs of such corporate body and\r\nin the case of any firm, partnership or sole proprietorship, the partners, proprietor\r\nor any person having interest in the said firm, partnership or proprietorship\r\nconcern or direction or control thereof.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eThe above definition is not\r\nexhaustive but inclusive, and it is obvious that any reference in the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nOrdinance to a \u0026quot;person\u0026quot; would include, in the case of a corporate\r\nbody, company, a firm or a sole proprietorship, all sponsors, officers,\r\ndirectors, partners and persons in control in relation to such concerns.\r\nResultantly, the scope of the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e Ordinance\r\nextends to not only the holders of public offices, as defined under Section\r\n5(m), but also to any person, which expression includes those specifically\r\nmentioned in Section 5(o). Resultantly, the directors of\u0027 the Company could be\r\nproceeded against under the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e Ordinance\r\nprovided that they are guilty of having committed an act that constitutes an\r\noffence under the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e Ordinance.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eThe word \u0026quot;offence\u0026quot;\r\nfinds definition under Section 5(n) in the following words:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u0026quot;Offence\u0026quot;\r\nmeans the offences of corruption and corrupt practices as defined in this\r\nOrdinance and includes the offences specified in the Schedule to this\r\nOrdinance.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eSection 9 of the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nOrdinance defines the offence of corruption and corrupt practices as under:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in\u0027\u003eCorruption and\r\nCorrupt Practices:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(a) A holder of\r\na public office, or \u003cu\u003eany other person,\u003c/u\u003e is said to commit or to have\r\ncommitted the offence of corruption and corrupt practices:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:\r\n0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(i) if he\r\naccepts or obtains from any person or offers any gratification directly or\r\nindirectly, other than legal remuneration, as a motive or reward such as is\r\nspecified in Section 161 of the Pakistan Penal Code (Act\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003eXLV\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \r\n\u003c/span\u003eof\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e  \u003c/span\u003e1860) for. doing or\r\nfor-bearing to do any official act, or for showing or for-bearing to show, in\r\nthe exercise of his official functions, favour or disfavour to any person, \u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027letter-spacing:1.25pt;mso-bidi-font-style:italic\u0027\u003eof\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027letter-spacing:-.2pt;mso-bidi-font-style:italic\u0027\u003e \u003c/span\u003efor rendering\r\nor attempting to render any service or dis-service to any persons: or\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(ii) If he\r\naccepts or obtains or offers any valuable thing without\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:\r\n-.2pt;mso-bidi-font-style:italic\u0027\u003e \u003c/span\u003econsideration, or for a consideration\r\nwhich he knows to he inadequate, from any person whom he knows to have been or\r\nlikely to be, concerned in any proceeding or business transacted or about to be\r\ntransacted by him or having any connection with his official functions or from\r\nany person whom he knows to be inserted in or related to the person so concerned;\r\nor\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(iii) If he\r\ndishonestly or fraudulently misappropriates or otherwise converts for his own\r\nuse, or for the use of any other person, any property entrusted to him, or\r\nunder his control, or wilfully allows any other person so to do; or\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(iv) if he by corrupt,\r\ndishonest, or illegal means, obtains or seeks to obtain for himself, or for his\r\nspouse and/or dependents or any other person, any property, valuable thing, or\r\npecuniary advantage; or\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(v) if he or any\r\nof his dependents or benamindars owns, possesses, or has any right or title in\r\nacquired moveable or immovable property or pecuniary resources disproportionate\r\nto his known sources of income, which he cannot reasonable account for: or\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(vi) misuses his\r\nauthority so as to gain any benefit or favour for himself or any other person\r\nor to render or attempt to do so or willingly fails to exercise his authority\r\nto prevent the grant, or rendition of any undue benefit or favour which he\r\ncould have prevented by exercising his authority.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(vii) If he has\r\nissued any directive, policy, or any \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eSRO\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\n(Statutory Regulatory Order) or any other order which grants or enables any\r\nconcession or benefit in any taxation matter or law or otherwise so as to\r\nbenefit himself or any relative or associate or a benamidar or any other person,\r\nor \u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \u003c/span\u003e(viii) \u003cu\u003eif he commits an offence of wilful \u003c/u\u003edefault,\r\nor\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003cb style=\u0027mso-bidi-font-weight:\r\nnormal\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(ix) if he\r\ncommits the offence of cheating as defined in section 415 of the Pakistan Penal\r\nCode and thereby dishonestly induces members of the public at large scale to\r\ndeliver any property including money or valuable security to any person or he\r\ncommits the offence of criminal breach \u003cspan style=\u0027mso-bidi-font-style:italic\u0027\u003eof\r\n\u003c/span\u003etrust as defined in section 405 \u003cspan style=\u0027mso-bidi-font-style:italic\u0027\u003eof\r\n\u003c/span\u003ethe Pakistan Penal Code with regard to any property including money or\r\nvaluable security entrusted to him by members of the public at large\r\nscale\u0026quot;.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eAs mentioned above, the\r\njurisdiction under the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e Ordinance extends\r\nto holders of public office, or other persons, who have committed the offences\r\nof corruption and corrupt practices as defined in Section 9 or any of the other\r\noffences as set out in the Schedule of Offences. Commission of such offences\r\nmust have resulted into wrongful gain, benefit, concession, misappropriation of\r\nproperty or pecuniary advantage obtained or made by a person \u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027letter-spacing:.3pt\u0027\u003efor \u003c/span\u003ehimself or for any other person through\r\nabuse or misuse of his office or authority. Also, \u003cu\u003ethe\u003c/u\u003e \u003cu\u003epersons who are\r\ndefaulters of any banks or financial institutions are\u003c/u\u003e \u003cu\u003eguilty of the\r\noffence of wilful default under the \u003c/u\u003e\u003cst1:stockticker\u003e\u003cu\u003eNAB\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\u003cu\u003e\r\nOrdinance.\u003c/u\u003e An analysis of the offences shows that one element is the involvement\r\nand misappropriation of the public money or the public interest that results\r\ninto liability under the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003e\u003cb\u003eNAB\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\u003cb\u003e \u003c/b\u003eOrdinance.\r\n(Emphasis added).\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eThe procedure for filing a\r\ncomplaint under \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e Ordinance is stated\r\nunder Section 18 and Section 31 if the loan is involved.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003eSection 18 of \u003cst1:stockticker\u003e\u003cb\u003eNAB\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\u003cb\u003e\r\n\u003c/b\u003eOrdinance provides as follows:\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e \u003c/span\u003e18.\u003cb style=\u0027mso-bidi-font-weight:normal\u0027\u003e \u003cu\u003eCognizance\r\nof Offences:\u003c/u\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(a) The \u003cst1:Street\u003e\u003cst1:address\u003eAccountability\r\n  Court\u003c/st1:address\u003e\u003c/st1:Street\u003e shall not take cognizance of any offence\r\nunder this Ordinance except on a reference made by the Chairman \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nor an officer of the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e duly authorized by\r\nhim.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e(b) A reference\r\nunder this Order shall be initiated by National Accountability Bureau on\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-tab-count:1\u0027\u003e            \u003c/span\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in\u0027\u003e(i) a reference\r\nreceived from the appropriate government; or\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027mso-spacerun:yes\u0027\u003e               \u003c/span\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in\u0027\u003e(ii) \u003cu\u003ereceipt\r\nof a complaint;\u003c/u\u003e or\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in\u0027\u003e(iii) its own\r\naccord.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027letter-spacing:.3pt\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003cspan\r\nstyle=\u0027letter-spacing:.3pt\u0027\u003e(c) \u003c/span\u003eWhere the Chairman \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e\r\nor an officer of the \u003cst1:stockticker\u003eNAB\u003c/st1:stockticker\u003e duly authorized by\r\nhim is of the opinion that it is or may be, necessary and appropriate to\r\ninitiate proceedings against any person, he shall refer the matter for inquiry\r\nor investigation.\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in\u0027\u003eA perusal of the\r\nabove section shows that under clause (a) a fetter has been placed on taking of\r\ncongnizance of any offence by the \u003cst1:Street\u003e\u003cst1:address\u003eAccountability Court\u003c/st1:address\u003e\u003c/st1:Street\u003e\r\nunder the Ordinance, except on a reference made by the Chairman National\r\nAccountability Bureau, or an officer of the National Accountability Bureau,\r\nduly authorized by him. Clause (b) empowers the National Accountability Bureau,\r\nfor initiating reference on reference received from the appropriate Government\r\nor \u003cu\u003ereceipt of a\u003c/u\u003e \u003cu\u003ecomplaint\u003c/u\u003e or on its own accord. The clause (c)\r\nenjoins upon the Chairman National Accountability Bureau or an officer of\r\nNational\u003co:p\u003e\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal style=\u0027text-align:justify\u0027\u003e\u003cspan style=\u0027mso-bidi-font-style:\r\nitalic\u0027\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=MsoNormal\u003e\u003co:p\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/o:p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/body\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/html\u003e\r\n"